Which term describes the action of loading a fresh round into the chamber?

The action of loading a fresh round into the chamber is best described as "chambering." Chambering refers specifically to the process of sliding a round from the magazine into the chamber, making it ready to be fired. This term highlights the transition from a stored position in the magazine to a functional position in the chamber where the firearm can fire the round.

Cycling the gun involves a broader action that may include ejecting the spent casing and chambering a new round, but it encompasses multiple steps rather than just the act of loading a fresh round. Clearing the firearm typically means removing any rounds and ensuring it is safe – a different goal altogether. Loading generally refers to filling a magazine or the entire firearm, not just the chamber specifically. Thus, "chambering" is the most accurate term for the specific action of preparing a round in the chamber for firing.